![]() ![]() The horizontal or sloping stroke enclosing the bottom of the eye of an e is also a bar. Also referred to as Crossbar.ĭefinition: The (usually) horizontal stroke across the middle of uppercase A and H is a bar. Beak terminal refers to the sharp spur or beak at the end of a letterform’s arm and the curved bit (terminal) between the beak and the arm. Some curved bits of tails, links, ears, and loops are considered terminals using the broader definition (see the Microsoft Typography site for further explanation).īall terminal is a combination of a dot (tail dot) or circular stroke and the curved bit (hook) at the end of some tails and the end of some arms (a, c, f). Many sources consider a terminal to be just the end (straight or curved) of any stroke that doesn’t include a serif (which can include serif fonts, such as the little stroke at the end of “n” as shown in the illustration). Adjusting the design axis results in variations in the weight, width, size, and other features of the typeface.Īlso Known As: stress, angle of stress, design axisĪ circular form at the end of the arm in letters.ĭefinition: In typography, the terminal is a type of curve. The axis or design axis is also an adjustable attribute of some fonts, such as Multiple Master fonts. Early styles of typefaces generally shared similar axis or stress angles. When the axis leans to the left or right the design has angled (positive or negative) stress. A completely vertical axis indicates a design with an angle of 0 or vertical stress. For typefaces that exhibit changes in the thickness of curved strokes, the inclination of the axis of the lowercase o is used to measure the angle of stress. The invisible line marking the farthest distance between the baseline and the top of the glyph.Īn imaginary line drawn from top to bottom of a glyph bisecting the upper and lower strokes is the axis.ĭefinition: An imaginary line drawn from top to bottom of a glyph bisecting the upper and lower strokes is the axis. The invisible line marking the height of ascenders in a font. To resolve the problem of touching ascenders and descenders you can: Increase the leading (line spacing) between lines of type Choose a different typeface For headlines and subheads, some careful editing/re-wording can eliminate the problem Changing the alignment of the text may also help. This is most likely to happen or be obvious when a line of text with tall ascenders is below a line of text with long descenders. The ascenders of some letters may touch or almost touch letters in the line above causing awkward or distracting patterns. The height of the ascenders is an identifying characteristic of many typefaces. Sometimes arm is used interchangeably with bar or crossbar or cross stroke.Īrm is often also used to describe the mostly horizontal top stroke of C, double-story a, G, and other glyphs, to include the finial, terminal, spur, or other elements of the stroke.Īn upward vertical stroke found on the part of lowercase letters that extends above the typeface’s x-height.ĭefinition: In typography, the upward vertical stem on some lowercase letters, such as h and b, that extends above the x-height is the ascender. Additionally, the diagonal upward stroke on a K is its arm. The top of the capital T and the horizontal strokes of the F and E are examples of arms. The apex may be a sharp point, blunt, or rounded and is an identifying feature for some typefaces.Ī curved stroke that is continuous with a straight stem.Ī horizontal or upward, sloping stroke that does not connect to a stroke or stem on one or both ends.ĭefinition: The arm of a letter is the horizontal stroke on some characters that does not connect to a stroke or stem at one or both ends. The partially enclosed, somewhat rounded negative space in some characters.ĭefinition: The aperture is the partially enclosed, somewhat rounded negative space in some characters such as n, C, S, the lower part of e, or the upper part of a double-story a.Ī point at the top of a character where two strokes meet.ĭefinition: The point at the top of a character such as the uppercase A where the left and right strokes meet is the apex. In many fonts the ampersand looks much like a cursive S or a curvy plus sign but in other fonts you can almost see the word Et in the design of the ampersand. The name, ampersand, is believed to be derived from the phrase “and per se and.” On a standard English layout keyboard the ampersand (&) is accessed with shift+7. A stylized character of the Latin et used to represent the word and.ĭefinition: The typographic symbol used to designate the word and (&) is the Latin symbol for et which means and. ![]()
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